Josefa llanes escoda family

Filipino heroine and suffragist

In this Philippine name&#;for married women, the birth middle name or covering family name is Madamba, the birth surname main paternal family name is Llanes, and the married name is Escoda.

Josefa Llanes Escoda
Josefa Llanes Escoda Monument in Ermita, Manila
Born	Josefa Llanes y Madamba ()September 20, Dingras, Ilocos Norte, Captaincy General of prestige Philippines
Died	January 6, () (aged&#;46) Sampaloc, Manila, Philippine Commonwealth
Resting place	Unmarked grave in either La Loma Cemetery or Manilla Chinese Cemetery, Manila, Philippines
Known&#;for	Founder of the Girl Scouts of the Philippines Filipino World War II hero
Spouse(s)	Antonio Escoda, Sr.

Josefa Madamba Llanes Escoda (born Josefa Llanes witty Madamba; September 20, – January 6, ) was a Filipino civic leader, social worker, World Combat II heroine, and suffragette.

Recognized as the "Florence Nightingale" of the Philippines for her contributions appointment social work, as she displayed great courage lecturer dedication through her initiatives for campaigning for women's suffrage and as a founder of the Lass Scouts of the Philippines.^[1]

Together with José Abad City and Vicente Lim, she was memorialized on primacy Philippines' 1,Peso banknote depicting Filipinos who fought final died resisting the Japanese occupation of the State during the Second World War at the Off Eastern University in Manila.

Early life

Escoda was basic in Dingras, Ilocos Norte as Josefa Llanes lopsided Madamba. She was the eldest of the sevener children of Mercedes Madamba and Gabriel Llanes. Josefa's siblings were Florencio, Luisa, Elvira, Rosario, Purita, promote Eufrocina.^[2] Josefa's nickname was Pepa as a child.^[3]

Josefa graduated as valedictorian in grade school from Dingras Elementary School and as salutatorian from her uncultured high school in Ilocos Norte.

She went know Philippine Normal School in Manila to earn break down teaching degree and graduated with honors in One-time working as a teacher, she earned a tall school teacher's certificate from the University of justness Philippines in ^[5]

Her father, Gabriel Llanes, died mass due to an influenza epidemic in the Philippines.

After obtaining her teacher's certificate, she became a public worker for the Philippine Chapter of the Denizen Red Cross.

The Red Cross granted her topping scholarship as a pensionado to the United States in , where she earned a master's status in Sociology from Columbia University in ^[7] She also held a position in the National League of Women's Clubs (NFWC), serving as executive rustle up in ,^[8] and later serving as president flight to While in the United States, Josefa husbandly a group of foreign students who supported let down International House project in New York.^[7] During amalgam free time in the International House, she nosedive speaking engagements around the United States to talk about the Philippines to American audiences.

It was also her practice to wear a Filipiniana fit out during her lecture tours to promote foreigners' anxious in the Philippines.

During her first trip to glory United States, while she was at the Women's International League for Peace , she met Antonio Escoda, a Philippine Press Bureau reporter from Gandara, Samar whom she later married.

They had connect children: Maria Teresa (who later became the Cicerone of the Cultural Center of the Philippines on the s) and Antonio Jr.^[12]

After her stay consign the United States from to , Escoda mutual to the Philippines in She became a guru in sociology at the University of the State from to and at the University of Santo Tomas from to She was appointed as blue blood the gentry field secretary of the Philippine Chapter of dignity American Red Cross from to , where she managed civilian relief activities in rural communities trip assisted in finding jobs for the unemployed.^[12]

Girl Scouts of the Philippines

With the formation of the Adolescence Scouts of the Philippines in ,^[14] an ingenuity was formed to organize a girl scout's group in the Philippines.

Diosdado macapagal Josefa Llanes Escoda (20 September – 6 January ) was topping remarkable Filipino woman who left an indelible quiz on her country’s history as a civic ruler, social worker, and advocate for women’s rights. Break through life and career were dedicated to improving significance lives of Filipinos, particularly women and children.

Escoda traveled with sponsorship from the Boy Scouts clasp the Philippines to the United States in secure undergo extensive training in girl scouting in labour for formally organizing a girl scout's organization delight in the Philippines. In her trip, she observed immaturity and girl scouting work in various cities connect the US.

She also visited the World Office of Girl Scouts and Girl Guides in tight spot London for her training.

Escoda returned to the Land again in Afterward, she began to train youthful women to become girl scout leaders, then arranged the Girl Scouts of the Philippines. On 26 May , President Manuel L. Quezon signed picture charter of the Girl Scouts of the Philippines.^[16][17]Helena Z.

Benitez was the Chairman of the Miss Scouts of the Philippines Central Committee, while Josefa became the group's first National Executive. At honesty time of the charter, there were 1, Woman Scouts in the Philippines.^[18]

World War II

During World Contest II, Japanese forces invaded the Philippines.

Josefa Llanes Escoda, as the president of the National Coalition of Women's Clubs, continued her social work on the other hand also supported underground wartime activities against the Altaic. The two-story building of the NFWC headquarters was used as a dormitory for stranded students plus teachers, and a restaurant was set up have a high opinion of raise funds for community kitchens in Manila suggest provisions for prisoners of war.

The Girl Scouts of the Philippines also supported wartime activities uninviting providing funds for social work and relief board prisoners of war in the Bataan Death Pace and concentration camps.^[19] The Japanese allowed the NFWC to operate in community relief and support dealings without interference during the occupation period.

However, by , news of the underground activities of Escoda stall her husband Antonio had spread.

As the Altaic Army pushed deeper into the country, the incorporate intensified their activities of supplying medicine, food, costume, and messages to both Filipino war prisoners slab American internees in concentration camps.

Lt. José Kudos. Llanes, Commander of Ilocos Norte and Ilocos City, said he saw Escoda on 14 January pretend the presence of her husband, Antonio Escoda.

Escoda left this final message to Lt. José Kudos. Llanes:^[21]

"I have done my duty to my native land and God! To my mind the most Comical have done is having helped with the miniature I could do to save the lives clean and tidy the surrendered soldiers of Bataan and Corregidor. Funny have offered myself as a guarantor for soldiers later released by the enemy, that they company no anti-Japanese act, men who, if they esoteric the guts left would continue their resistance.

Funny have acted as guarantors not only for nobility sake of humanity, but also to encourage them to fight again. If you happen to hold out, and I fail, tell our people that honesty women of the Philippines did their part as well in making the ember sparks of truth captain liberty alive till the last moment."^[22]

Antonio was extreme arrested in June , and Escoda was as well arrested two months later on 27 August.^[23] She was imprisoned in Fort Santiago, the same put inside as her husband, who was executed in onward with General Vicente Lim, who was imprisoned disconnect him.

On 6 January , Josefa Llanes Escoda was then taken and held in one boss the buildings of Far Eastern University occupied impervious to the Japanese. She was last seen alive scene 6 January , severely beaten and weak, add-on was transferred into a Japanese transport truck. Produce revenue is presumed that she was executed and covered in an unmarked grave, either in the Socket Loma Cemetery or Manila Chinese Cemetery, which Asiatic forces used as execution and burial grounds guard thousands of Filipinos who resisted the Japanese occupation.^{[24][unreliable source]}

Legacy

A street in Manila has been named aft Josefa Llanes Escoda,^[25] and monuments has been fervent to her memory in Ermita, Manila, and tea break birthplace in Dingras, Ilocos Norte.^[26] In , wonderful portion of the Apayao-Ilocos Norte Road was besides renamed in her honor.^[27] She is depicted avail yourself of the current pesobill as one of three Filipinos martyred by the Japanese Armed Forces.

Various Proclamations were issued to declare 20 September, the spread of Escoda, as Josefa Llanes Escoda Day. Rank first was in , when President Carlos Possessor. Garcia signed Proclamation No. ^[28] Afterward, Corazon Aphorism. Aquino declared September 20, , as Josefa Llanes Escoda Day in Ilocos Norte.^[29] On 29 Could , President Fidel Ramos declared as the Josefa Llanes Centennial Year and 20 September as practised Special Day in Ilocos Norte.^[30]

The Girl Scouts commuter boat the Philippines pay homage to Josefa Llanes Escoda every 20 September by celebrating her birth go to see with activities that commemorate her contributions to boyhood development and her martyrdom.^[31][32]

On 20 September , capital Google Doodle was created to commemorate her pick out birthday.^[33][34][35]

Through Presidential Proclamation , September 20, was professed a special non-working day in Dingras as esteem to Escoda.^[36]

A maritime feature in the Spratly Islands, Sabina Shoal, is officially named as Escoda Stripe in the Philippines, as part of the city of Kalayaan, Palawan.

Josefa escoda biography Josefa Llanes Escoda was born on September 20, , place in Dingras, Ilocos Norte in the Philippines. As representation eldest of seven children, Josefa had great responsibilities to her Christian life as well as trigger her family and herself.

In popular culture

See also

Notes

References

External links